| Date | 704 AH, year of the Snake, 8th day of the first summer month = 1305 (May), Alivan |
|---|---|
| Ilkhan | Öljeitü |
| Addressee | Philip IV the Fair (“Iridivarans sultan”) and all the princes of the Franks |
| Type | letter |
| Script and language | Uyghur script, Mongolian; a red seal impressed five times (the same as on the decree of Abū Saʿīd of 1320); on the verso one line in Persian, two lines in Mongolian, a small black seal and an Italian translation |
| Material | paper scroll, 3 m × 0.50 m (Bonaparte); 42/45 lines; seal c. 13 cm |
| Kept | Paris, Archives nationales, J. 937 |
| Discovery and first edition | found by Abel-Rémusat; published by Abel-Rémusat 1824, translation by I. J. Schmidt 1824; photographic facsimile Bonaparte 1895, pl. XIV |
| Text | transcription and translation in the corpus mongoliancorpus.org |
Contents
The new Ilkhan informs the King of France that he will maintain the friendship of his ancestors, that the 45-year internecine war among Chinggis Khan's descendants (Temür Qaγan, Toqtoγa, Čabar, Du'a) is over and the realms from China to the Talu sea are united, and that he sends the envoys Mamalaq and Toman to renew the alliance with the Frankish rulers.
Facsimiles
Literature (22)
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- Abel-Rémusat J.-P. (1824). Mémoires sur les relations politiques des princes chrétiens, et particulièrement des rois de France, avec les empereurs mongols. Second mémoire. PDF · 60.1 MB
- Шмидт Я.И. (Schmidt I. J.) (1825). О двух древних монгольских грамотах. PDF · 0.7 MB
- Bonaparte R. (1895). Documents de l'époque mongole des XIIIe et XIVe siècles.
- Schlegel G. (1895). [Рец.:] R. Bonaparte, Documents de l'époque mongole. PDF · 0.1 MB
- Котвич В.Л. (Kotwicz W.) (1925). Поправки к разбору монгольских писем персидских иль-ханов. PDF · 0.2 MB
- Клюкин И.А. (Kljukin I. A.) (1926). Письмо Ульдзэйту иль-хана к Филиппу Красивому, Эдуарду I-му и прочим крестоносцам.
- Kotwicz W. (1933). En marge des lettres des il-khans de Perse retrouvées par Abel-Rémusat. PDF · 29.2 MB
- Козин С.А. (1935). Язык первого периода истории монгольской литературы (по письмам персидских иль-ханов 1289–1305). PDF · 0.9 MB
- Козин С.А. (1935). К вопросу о дешифрировании дипломатических документов монгольских иль-ханов.
- Kotwicz W. (1936). Quelques mots encore sur les lettres des il-khans de Perse retrouvées par Abel-Rémusat. DJVU · 0.4 MB
- Cleaves F.W. (1948). The Expression Dur-a Qočarulčaǰu in the Letter of Öljeitü to Philippe le Bel. PDF · 0.5 MB
- Haenisch E. (1949). Zu den Briefen der mongolischen Il-Khane Arγun und Öljeitü an den König Philipp den Schönen von Frankreich (1289 u. 1305). PDF · 2.2 MB
- Пучковский Л.С. (1949). Заключительная формула в письмах иль-ханов Аргуна (1289 г.) и Ульдзэйту (1305 г.). PDF · 2.3 MB
- Cleaves F.W. (1951). A Chancellery Practice of the Mongols in the Thirteenth and Fourteenth Centuries. PDF · 2.0 MB
- Damdinsüren C. (1957). Mongγol-un uran ǰokiyal-un teüke.
- Mostaert A., Cleaves F.W. (1962). Les lettres de 1289 et 1305 des ilkhan Arγun et Öljeitü à Philippe le Bel. PDF · 8.9 MB
- Street J.C. (1963). [Рец.:] A. Mostaert, F. W. Cleaves, Les Lettres de 1289 et 1305 des ilkhan Arγun et Öljeitü à Philippe le Bel. PDF · 0.8 MB
- Ligeti L. (1972). Monuments préclassiques 1. XIIIe et XIVe siècles. PDF · 21.9 MB
- Dobu (Добу) (1983). Uyiγurǰin mongγol üsüg-ün durasqaltu bičig-üd. PDF · 119.9 MB
- Tumurtogoo D. (ed.), Cecegdari G. (2006). Mongolian Monuments in Uighur-Mongolian Script (XIII–XVI Centuries). Introduction, Transcription and Bibliography. PDF · 31.0 MB
- Baumann B. (2012). Whither the Ocean? The Talu Dalai in Sultan Öljeitü's 1305 Letter. PDF · 0.4 MB
Source of the data: Mostaert & Cleaves 1962: 9–10, 55–85, pl. VII–XII; Ligeti 1972: 252–255; Cleaves 1951 (verso, pl. I); Baumann 2012